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Meds, Medical Conditions, and Treatment >> Meds, Medical Conditions, and Treatment

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PRESCRIPTION DRUG GLOSSARY
      #104500 - 10/01/03 07:11 PM

PRESCRIPTION DRUG GLOSSARY

Found this glossary and thought it may be good to have it here for reference



· Adderall — Adderall is used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Adderall is also prescribed for narcolepsy (uncontrollable attacks of sleep.) Adderall, like all amphetamines, has a high potential for abuse. If taken in large doses or over long periods of time it can become addictive.





· Ambien — Ambien is used for short-term treatment of insomnia. Some sleep medications can become addictive if taken for a long period of time or at high doses.




· Amitriptyline — Amitriptyline is used to treat depression. It is a member of drugs called tricyclic antidepressants. It can sometimes be prescribed to treat bulimia, chronic pain, prevention of migraine headaches and pathological weeping and laughing associated with multiple sclerosis. Amitriptyline should not be stopped abruptly. A doctor should be consulted to reduce dosage gradually. It will reduce the possibility of withdrawal symptoms.




· Atarax — Atarax is an antihistamine used to relieve common anxiety and tension. Atarax increases the effects of drugs that depress the activity of the central nervous system. If someone is taking narcotics, non-narcotic analgesics or barbiturates in combination with Atarax, their dosage should be reduced.




· Ativan — Ativan is used in the treatment of anxiety. It is also known as lorazepam. It belongs to a class of drugs known as benzodiazepines. People can become dependent on Ativan. If people abruptly stop taking the drug, they may experience withdrawal symptoms. Only a doctor should advise whether to discontinue or a change in dosage.




· Benzodiazepines — Benzodiazepines are a type of tranquilizing medication frequently prescribed for anxiety or insomnia. They can be addictive. Benzodiazepine abuse can interfere with thinking and memory and can lead to depression. Abusers face the possibility of an accidental overdose. If these drugs are suddenly stopped, users will become ill. It is better to taper off gradually.




· Buspirone — BuSpar is an anti-anxiety medicine. It is used to reduce fear, tension and anxiety.




· Citalopram — Citalopram is also known as Celexa. It is a part of a class of drugs known as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. It is used to treat depression.




· Clonazepam — Clonazepam is also known as Klonopin, and is in the benzodiazepine class. It is used to treat seizures. If taken for several weeks it could cause seizures or withdrawal symptoms if stopped abruptly.




· Darvocet — Darvocet is a combination of acetaminophen and propoxyphene, which is part of a class of drugs known as narcotic analgesics. It works by changing the way the body feels pain. It should not be taken by people who suffer from depression or people who have suicidal thoughts. It can be habit-forming and should only be used under the close supervision of a doctor if users have drug or alcohol problems.




· Demerol — Demerol is also known as meperidine. It is a narcotic analgesic, it relieves pain. It can become habit-forming and should only be taken under supervision if drug or alcohol problems are an issue.




· Depakene — Depakene is also known as Valproic Acid. It is used to treat seizures. In rare cases, it causes liver failure or the pancreas to become inflamed, both of which can be fatal.




· Desoxyn — Desoxyn is used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. It may also be used for a short time as part of a weight-reduction plan. Excessive doses can lead to addiction. People who stop taking it after taking high doses for a long time may suffer withdrawal symptoms. Signs of excessive use include skin inflammation, difficulty sleeping, irritability, hyperactivity, personality changes and psychiatric problems.




· Diazepam — Diazepam is also known as Diastat and Valium. It is in the benzodiazepine class, and it is used to treat anxiety, seizures and muscle spasms. It is habit-forming and people who use it can become physically and mentally dependent on it. If stopped abruptly, users will feel symptoms of withdrawal.




· Doxepin — Doxepin is a tricyclic antidepressant. It is used to treat depression and anxiety.




· Fentanyl — Fentanyl also goes by the name Duragesic. It is a narcotic analgesic, and Fentanyl patches are used to treat chronic pain that cannot be controlled by less potent pain relievers. Fentanyl is habit-forming and should be used under close medical supervision.




· Flexeril — Flexeril is also known as cyclobenzaprine. It is a muscle relaxant. It relieves pain by blocking nerve impulses or pain sensations that are sent to the brain.




· Heroin — Heroin is a part of a family of drugs known as opioids. Opioids are drugs with chemical structures and actions similar to morphine. Opioids are depressant drugs and they work by slowing down the functions of the central nervous system. One subgroup of opioids is the family of opiates that includes pain-relieving drugs such as codeine, morphine and heroin. Heroin is processed from morphine, a naturally occurring substance extracted from the seed pod of certain varieties of poppy plants. It is illegal and highly addictive.




· Hydrocodone — Hydrocodone is an orally active analgesic schedule II narcotic that is marketed in multi-ingredient Schedule III products. Hydrocodone has an analgesic potency similar to or greater than that of oral morphine. The drug is often abused. Brand name forms of hydrocodone include: Anexsia, Hycodan, Lorcet, Lortab, Tussionex, Tylox, Vicodin and Vicoprofen. About 20 tons of hydrocodone products are used annually in the United States.




· Kadian — Kadian is morphine. It is also known as MS Contin, MSIR, OMS, Oramorph SR, Rescudose, RMS, Roxanol and Roxanol 100. Morphine is a narcotic analgesic and is used to treat moderate to severe pain. Morphine is habit-forming and should be used under a doctor’s supervision if alcohol or drug addiction are issues.




· Lescol — Lescol is also known as fluva- statin. It blocks the production of cholesterol.




· Methadone — Methadone is an opioid. Methadone is synthetically manufactured and used as a substitute treatment for people who are dependent on heroin or other opioids. A single dose is effective for about 24 hours. Conversely, the effects of heroin only lasts a couple of hours.




· Morphine — Morphine is the principal constituent of opium. In the United States, a small percentage of morphine obtained from opium is used directly, about 15 tons. The rest is converted into codeine and other derivatives. Morphine is one of the most effective drugs known for relief of severe pain and remains the standard by which new analgesics are measured. Like most narcotics, the use of morphine has increased significantly in recent years.




· Naproxen — Naproxen is an anti-inflammatory. It is used to reduce the hormones that cause inflammation and pain. It is used to treat the following conditions: osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, gout, menstrual cramps, tendinitis and bursitis.




· Neurontin — Neurontin is the brand-name form of gabapentin. It affects chemicals in the body that are involved in the cause of seizures and some types of pain.




· Opiates — An opiate is any medicine containing opium or any of its derivatives and acting as a sedative and narcotic. Drugs that belong to the opiate family: raw opium, codeine, morphine, hydromorphone (Dilaudid), oxycodone (Percodan, OxyContin, etc.), oxymorphone (Numorphan), hydrocodone (Vicodin), meperidine (Demerol), Fentanyl, methadone (Dolophine), Darvon and Talwin.




· Paxil — Paxil is a brand-name form of paroxetine, and is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor. It is used to treat depression, panic disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, social anxiety disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder.




· Percocet — Percocet is a combination of acetaminophen and oxycodone hydrochloride. Other brand names include: Endocet, Roxicet and Tylox. Percocet is a narcotic analgesic. It is used to treat moderate to severe pain. Percocet contains a narcotic and, even if taken only in prescribed small amounts, can cause physical and psychological dependence when taken for a long time.




· Percodan — Percodan combines two painkilling drugs: the narcotic analgesic oxycodone and aspirin. It is prescribed for moderate to severe pain. The oxycodone in Percodan can cause physical and psychological dependence. The drug should be used with caution.




· Phenobarbital — Phenobarbital is a barbiturate. It is used as a sleep aid and in the treatment of certain types of epilepsy. People can become addicted to the drug.




· Prinivil — Prinivil is also known as lisinopril. It is in a class of drugs called angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors. It is used to treat high blood pressure, congestive heart failure and to improve the survival rate after a heart attack.




· Prozac — Prozac is used to treat depression and obsessive-compulsive disorder. It is also sometimes used to treat eating disorders. Serious, sometimes fatal, reactions have been known to occur when Prozac is used in combination with other antidepressant drugs.




· Ritalin — Ritalin is methylphenidate, and is a mild central nervous system stimulant used in the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children. It is also used in adults to treat narcolepsy. Excessive doses of the drug over a long period of time can produce addiction.




· Robitussin AC — Robitussin AC is also known as dextromethorphan. It is a cough suppressant.




· Sertraline — Sertraline is also known as Zoloft. It is prescribed for depression and other mental disorders.




· Soma — Soma is also known as carisoprodol. It a muscle relaxer used to relieve painful muscle strains and spasms.




· Synthroid — Synthroid is a synthetic thyroid hormone. It is used to treat thyroid problems, such as a goiter, an enlarged thyroid gland. Side effects from Synthroid, other than overdose symptoms, are rare. People may initially lose some hair. Excessive dosage or a too rapid increase in the dosage may lead to overstimulation of the thyroid gland. Notify a doctor immediately if the following symptoms develop: abdominal cramps, anxiety, chest pains, hair loss, vomiting or shortness of breath.




· Topamax — Topamax is an antiepileptic drug, prescribed to control seizures. Do not abruptly stop taking Topamax. Doing so could cause frequency of seizures to increase.




· Ultram — Ultram is used to treat moderate to severe pain.




· Valium — Valium is also known as diazepam. See diazepam definition.




· Viagra — Viagra is also known as sildenafil citrate. Viagra is the first oral drug for male impotence. It works by dilating blood vessels in the penis, allowing the inflow of blood needed for an erection.




· Vicodin — Vicodin is a combination of acetaminophen and hydrocodone. It is also sold under different brand names such as: Lortab, Lorcet, Dolacet and Anexsia. It is a narcotic analgesics, and is used to treat moderate to severe pain.




· Wellbutrin — Wellbutrin is a relatively new antidepressant medication. It is used to treat depression. Although Wellbutrin occasionally causes weight gain, a more common effect is weight loss. Some 28 percent of people who take the medication lose five pounds or more. Wellbutrin can also be used to help people quit smoking.




· Xanax — Xanax is also known as alprazolam. Xanax is a tranquilizer used for the short-term relief of anxiety. Tolerance and dependence can occur with the use of Xanax. People may experience withdrawal symptoms if the drug is stopped abruptly. The drug dosage should be gradually reduced and only a doctor should advise on how to discontinue or change dosage.




· Zyprexa — Zyprexa is also known as olanzapine. It helps manage the symptoms of schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders. It is thought to work by opposing the action of serotonin and dopamine, two of the brain’s major chemical messengers. The drug is available as Zyprexa and Zyprexa Zydis. The drug can cause extreme low blood pressure, increased heart rate, dizziness, and in rare cases, a tendency to faint when first standing up.


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