If the original question is taken literally, the answer is YES of course they can, if they are related to your SSN (and if you have insurance or use Medicare or Medicaid, they are) then without a doubt they can see them with the press of a button.

Legally? I am not a lawyer and don't want to get into the semantics of the Patriot Act and what it gives the law the authority to do to us, but I'd wager a dollar to a doughnut that the federal government could justify any nightmarish violation of civil liberties it wanted to right now, if they called you a terrorist. Not being a scholar of political science, I don't know if this will turn out to be a good thing or a bad thing, but I personally find it a little scary. Maybe that is healthy.